Treatment of small bowel cancer in Iran

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Overview of small bowel cancer treatments:

There are several types of treatment for patients with small bowel cancer.

 

Three standard treatments are used:

Intestinal surgery

Intestinal radiotherapy

Intestinal chemotherapy

 

New types of treatment are being tested in clinical trials:

Biological treatment

Radiotherapy with radio allergies

Treatment for small bowel cancer may cause side effects.

Patients may want to consider participating in a clinical trial.

Patients can enter clinical trials before, during, or after starting their cancer treatment.

Follow-up tests may be needed.

 

A variety of different methods of treating small bowel cancer

Different types of treatments are available for patients with small bowel cancer. Some treatments are standard (currently used) and others are being tested in clinical trials. A clinical trial is a research study conducted to help improve existing treatments or to gain information about new treatments for cancer patients. When clinical trials show that a new treatment is better than a standard treatment, the new treatment may become a standard treatment. Patients may want to consider participating in a clinical trial. Some clinical trials are only possible for patients who have not started treatment.

 

Three standard treatments for small bowel cancer

 

Intestinal surgery

Surgery is the most common treatment for small bowel cancer. One of the following types of surgery may be performed:

Surgical resection: Surgery to remove part or all of a limb that has cancer. Removal may involve the small intestine and adjacent organs (if the cancer has spread). The doctor may remove the part of the small intestine that contains the cancer and perform an anastomosis (connecting the severed ends of the bowel to each other). The doctor usually removes the lymph nodes near the small intestine and examines them under a microscope to see if they have cancer.

Bypass: Surgery to allow food into the small intestine (bypass) a tumor that has blocked the intestine and cannot be removed.

After the doctor removes all the cancer that is visible during surgery, some patients may be given radiation therapy after surgery to kill the remaining cancer cells. Treatment performed after surgery to reduce the risk of cancer recurrence is called adjuvant therapy.

 

Intestinal radiation therapy

Radiation therapy is a type of cancer treatment that uses high-energy X-rays or other types of radiation therapy to kill cancer cells or stop them from growing. There are two types of radiation therapy:

External radiation therapy uses an extracorporeal device to send radiation to the cancer.

Internal radiation therapy uses radioactive material sealed in needles, beads, wires, or catheters that are placed directly on or near the cancer.

How radiation therapy is given depends on the type of cancer being treated. External radiation therapy is used to treat small bowel cancer.

 

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy involves the administration of drugs that kill the cancer cells, either by killing the cells or stopping them from dividing. When chemotherapy is given orally or injected into a vein or muscle, the drugs enter the bloodstream and can reach cancer cells throughout the body (systemic chemotherapy). When chemotherapy is applied directly to the cerebrospinal fluid, an organ, or a cavity in the body, such as the abdomen, the drugs mainly affect the cancer cells in those areas (regional chemotherapy). How chemotherapy is given depends on the type and stage of the cancer being treated.

 

Biological treatment

Biologic therapy is a treatment in which a patient's immune system is used to fight cancer. Body-made or laboratory-made materials are used to strengthen, direct or restore the body's natural defenses against cancer. This type of cancer treatment is also called biotherapy or immunotherapy.

 

Radiation therapy with radio sensitizers

Radiosensitizers are drugs that make tumor cells more sensitive to radiation therapy. Combining radiation therapy with radiation sensitizers may kill more tumor cells.

 

The need to pursue treatment

Some tests performed to diagnose cancer or to detect the stage of cancer may be repeated. Some tests are repeated to make sure the treatment is going well. Decisions about whether to continue, change, or stop treatment may be made based on the results of these tests.

Some tests are done occasionally after treatment. The results of these tests can show if your condition has changed or the cancer has come back (cancer comes back). These tests are sometimes called follow-up tests or check-ups.

Small bowel cancer treatment options based on the type of cancer

 

Small bowel adenocarcinoma

If possible, treatment for small bowel adenocarcinoma is surgery to remove the tumor and some of the natural tissue around it.

Treatment for small bowel adenocarcinoma that does not go away with surgery may include:

 

Surgery to bypass the tumor

Radiation therapy as a palliative treatment to relieve symptoms and improve the patient's quality of life.

A clinical trial of radiation therapy with radiation sensitizers, with or without chemotherapy.

Clinical trial of new anticancer drugs.

A clinical trial of biological therapy.

Small bowel leiomyosarcoma

If possible, treatment for small bowel leiomyosarcoma is surgery to remove the tumor and some of the surrounding natural tissue.

 

Treatment for small bowel leiomyosarcoma that does not go away with surgery can include the following:

Surgery (tumor bypass) and radiation therapy

Surgery, radiation therapy or chemotherapy as relief therapy to relieve symptoms and improve the patient's quality of life.

Clinical trial of new anticancer drugs.

A clinical trial of biological therapy.

Recurrent small bowel cancer

Treatment for recurrent small bowel cancer that has spread to other parts of the body is usually a clinical trial of a combination of anticancer drugs or a new biological treatment.

 

Treatment for recurrent small bowel cancer may include:

Surgery to treat bowel cancer

Radiation therapy or chemotherapy as a palliative treatment to relieve symptoms and improve the patient's quality of life

A clinical trial of radiation therapy using radiation sensitizers, with or without chemotherapy

 

 

Country	Price(dollar $)
Cost of cancer treatment with intestine surgery in Iran	2500-4000
Cost of intestine cancer treatment in India	3500-7500
Cost of intestine cancer treatment in the UAE	5700-7000
Cost of intestine cancer treatment in the United States	50,000-80,000
Cost of cancer treatment with intestine surgery in Australia	48,000-55,000
Cost of intestine cancer treatment in Turkey	8000-9000